6^th Asia Pacific Congress on Chemical and Biochemical Engineering September 17-18, 2018 Hong Kong

Chemical Technology  deal with the preparation of individuals for work as analytical technicians in chemical laboratories or plants associated with bulk productions of chemicals, environmental engineering concerns, pharmaceuticals, or general analysis. Chemical technologist mainly deals with the designing of the chemical process or the experiments. Chemical technologists are more like the technician who assists the chemical engineers in designing of the chemical processes in the chemical plants. chemical, petrochemical, and oil(petroleum) refining processes constitute a significant business in the United States. 

This session mainly concentrates on the study of physical and Chemical Phenomena which occur at the interface of two phases. Or study of interfaces is known as surface chemistry.

Following are the parts of surface chemistry:

1. Adsorption:

 it refers to the decomposition of molecular species onto the surface is known as adsorption.

The molecular species which gets adsorbed on the surface are known as adsorbent and the surface on which molecules gets adsorbed is known as adsorbate

2. Absorption

It refers to the process in which one thing is absorbed by the other.

Example: Soaking up of water by the sponge.

The global flocculants market will reach $6.8 billion by 2021 from $5.0 billion in 2016 at a compound annual growth rate of 6.2%, from 2016 to 2021.

This session concentrates on the chemical reactors in which reactions takes place. This is the specialty in the chemical engineering or the industrial engineering which aims at studying and optimizing the chemical reactions for design of the efficient chemical rector design. For the designing of the reactor few important flow phenomena are considered like mass transfer, heat transfer, and reaction kinetics which are helpful In relating the reactor performance to feed composition and operating conditions.

This session focuses on the topic of Biochemical engineering, which says that it is the branch of chemical engineering which deals with the designing and manufacturing of the different unit operations involving biological material or living organism. It involves the application of chemical engineering methods and approaches to industrial operations which entirely based on the biological elements.

Main application of biochemical engineering are in petrochemical industry, food processing, pharmaceutical companies, Biotechnology, and water treatment industries.  

Agrochemicals deals with the chemicals which are related to the field of agriculture like fertilizers, pesticides etc. Agrochemicals are mainly introduced into the market for the purpose to protect Crops from the pests, insects and to improve quality of the crop yield. Many agrochemicals are toxic in nature and storing them in a bulk may lead to the severe environmental and health risks because of this reason usage of these types chemicals are highly regulated.

Nowadays in place of these Agrochemicals different types of Biochemical are used. which are prepared by different types of biochemical processes. which are known as Bio pesticides these work in non-lethal ways as repellents or disrupting the mating pattern of pests. Which are way better than the organic pesticides.  

 In this session of Reservoir engineering, we deal with the underground gasoline reserves. It Is a branch of petroleum engineering specifically working on efficient way to extract resources of oil, petrol and gas. The reservoir engineer mainly works in the field of geology, applied mathematics, basic principles of physics and chemistry for checking and studying the behavior of the liquid and vapor phases of the petroleum, natural gas and water inside the reservoir rock. Reservoir engineer mainly works with subsurface of the earth

The oils and gas price crisis has had a tremendous impact on global exploration and production activities.

many companies and investors concerned about enhancing already existing projects rather than investing on new projects because of the fall in the prices of products

Heat transfer research covers the entire subjects of the heat transfer which involves the different heat transfer operations like conduction, convection, radiation and it also concentrates on phase changing operations like boiling, solidification. Heat transfer is a disciplinary branch of thermal chemistry which deals with conversion and exchange of thermal energy between physical systems.

A heat exchanger is a equipment which is designed and built for proper heat transfer of any material from one medium to another through a media. The media may be separated by a solid wall to prevent mixing or they may be in direct contact with the different composite materials being processed, which could harm the product. The common example of a heat exchanger is found in an internal combustion engine, in which a circulating fluid known as engine coolant flows through radiator coils and air flows past the coils, thereby cooling the coolant and releasing the heat generated by the engine

In this session we deal with the Mass transfer,  Mass transfer is the net movement of molecule from one location to another location, usually meant phase, stream, component, or fraction. Mass transfer occurs in many processes like absorption, adsorption, evaporation, distillation. Recent development in the field of mass transfer refers to new approaches to mass transfer.

Examples of mass transfer operations are the evaporation of water from the pond to atmosphere,

Distillation of alcohol, drying of cloths etc.

Evaporative condensing is a mass transfer phenomenon which decreases the heat rejection process using the cooling effect of evaporation. bottom part of condensing temperature leads to the reduction in workload of the condenser and this helps in the improve of fuel efficiency. This type of condenser is used for condensing some substance from its gaseous state to liquid state and helps to boost its cooling effect.

Many different types of evaporative condenser are available to use according to its application across many different sectors from household sector to commercial sector. Large evaporative condensing units are generally used as large air conditioning units for commercial purposes and with the rising performance efficiency the market for evaporative condensing units are expected to achieve growing market demand during the forecasting algorithm.

This session focuses on Modern Thermodynamics or thermodynamics which is the study of heat and temperature and their relationship with the energy and work. Thermodynamics is branch of physics. The main application of thermodynamics was mechanical heat engines later it was extended chemical compounds and chemical reactions which is studied under chemical engineering thermodynamics.

This session of food technology mainly deals with the food safety, food toxicology, food spoilage. Food technology is a branch of food science that deals with production processes which helps in making of food. Because of extensive food research, a systematic investigation into a variety of food’s properties and compositions we consume every day. After the initial stages of research and development comes the mass production of food products using principles of food technology. These interrelated fields contribute to the food industry.

 Mass spectrometry in food technology is a powerful tool to analyze small molecules with even an isotope difference and extensively used in food biotechnology, food processing and food toxicology. Mass spectrometry works by ionizing chemical compounds to generate charged molecules or molecule fragments and measuring their mass-to-charge ratios.

Because of the increase in the incidence of food contamination The global food safety testing market has witnessed impressive growth over the last few years because of which there is a growing demand for food safety testing by food industries. Owing to increasing awareness about foodborne diseases and various technologically advanced techniques and equipment deployed for food safety testing, the market for food safety testing has been treading along a healthy growth path over the past few years and the market is expected to continue to exhibit strong growth over the next few years as well. The vast expansion of the global food and beverages industry, coupled with the growth of the food industry, has also been a key factor driving the growth of the global food safety testing market. 

This session refers to Modeling and Simulation which deals with the model, Mathematical or logical representation of a system. Modeling and simulation facilitate understanding a system’s behavior without testing the system in the real world. simulation can give support to experimentation that occurs completely in software, or in human-in-the-loop environments where simulation represents systems that generates data needed to meet experiment objectives. simulation can also be used in the training of persons using a virtual environment that would otherwise be difficult or expensive to produce. 

In this session we deal with the petrol, petrochemistry and petrochemicals, Petroleum is a naturally occurring flammable liquid consisting of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of various molecular weights and other liquid organic compound, that are found under geological rocks beneath the Earth's surface. The process of transformation of crude oil into the useful products Is known as the petroleum refining.

 The compounds obtained after the process of refining are called as petrochemicals and some of the petrochemicals can be obtained from the fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas, petrol etc. The Catalysts for chemical analysis, petrochemical, and oil refining processes constitute a significant business in the United State.

This session deals with Nano technology and its application, Nanotechnology is a science and  technology concerned  with the study of particles at the size of Nano scale that is its size ranges between 1-100 Nano meter. it can also be stated that manipulation of matter on an atomic, molecular, and supra molecular scale. Nanotechnology has a huge range of applications, like it can create many new materials and devices such as in nanomedicine, nanoelectronics, biomaterials energy production, and consumer products. It also raises many of the same issues as any new technology, including concerns about the toxicity and environmental impact of nanomaterials.

Nano technology impacts many factors in that one of them is food science  from earlier stages of food irrigation to the final step of food packing. Companies are developing nanomaterials that will make a difference not only in the taste of food, but also in food safety, and the health benefits that food delivers.

This session entirely deals with Industrial separation techniques, which are technical procedures which are used in industry to separate a product from impurities. The original mixture may either be a natural resource or the product of a chemical reaction.

Different types of industrial separation processes are industrial crystallization, filtration, distillation, Vacuum distillation, Chromatography

In this session of water science and technology we deal with the different water availability, water pollution, and waste water treatment. Water is most abundantly available liquid in nature, there are many resources of water are present like ground water, rain water, river water, frozen water.

The contamination of water bodies is known as the water pollution. which is caused in several way like industrial waste, sewage pollution and waste water, mining activities, marine dumping, accidental oil leakage, and by chemical fertilizers and pesticides   

This session gives us clear view of process safety, different types of hazards, and effects of hazardous and steps to control them. Chemical Process safety is the management skill or blend of engineering which focuses on the preventing catastrophic accidents, near misses, particularly structural collapses, Explosions, fires and Toxic releases.

Examples of hazards:

1.       Liquid hazards (acids, solvents, chemicals etc.)

2.       Vapor and fumes (vapors of ammonia, HCl, H₂SO₄ etc.)

3.        Flammable Materials (petrol, diesel oil etc.)

Types of hazards: Environmental Hazards, food hazards, Bio Hazards, natural hazards

These hazards are dangerous to environment and human health that I why a special care is taken to handle these type of compounds and study of all those techniques Is studied under the huge branch of chemical engineering known as chemical process safety.

Although hydrogen element   is abundant on the earth it is always found as part of another compound, such as water (H2O), and must be separated from the compounds that contain it before it can be used in vehicles. Once separated, it can be used along with oxygen from the air in a fuel cell to produce electricity by an electrochemical process. There are many methods to produce hydrogen.   Thermochemical processes use heat and chemical reactions to release hydrogen from organic materials such as fossil fuels and biomass. Water (H2O) can be split into hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) using electrolysis or solar energy. Microorganisms such as bacteria and algae can also produce hydrogen through biological processes.